Kerala PSC Referal

Monday, 22 June 2015

61 AMAZING GK FACTS

1. In the weightlessness of space a frozen pea will explode if it comes in contact with Pepsi.

2. The increased electricity used by modern appliances is causing a shift in the Earth’s magnetic field. By the year 2327, the North Pole will be located in  mid-Kansas, while the South Pole will be just off the coast of East Africa.

3. The idea for “tribbles” in “Star Trek” came from gerbils, since some gerbils are actually born pregnant.

4. Male rhesus monkeys often hang from tree branches by their amazing prehensile penises.

5. Johnny Plessey batted .331 for the Cleveland Spiders in 1891, even though  he spent the entire season batting with a rolled-up, lacquered copy of the Toledo Post-Dispatch.

6. Smearing a small amount of dog feces on an insect bite will relieve the itching and swelling.

7. The Boeing 747 is capable of flying upside-down if it weren’t for the fact  that the wings would shear off when trying to roll it over.

8. The trucking company Elvis Presley worked at as a young man was owned by Frank Sinatra.

9. The only golf course on the island of Tonga has 15 holes, and there’s no penalty if a monkey steals your golf ball.

10.Legislation passed during WWI making it illegal to say “gesundheit” to a sneezer was never repealed.

11.Manatees possess vocal chords which give them the ability to speak like humans, but don’t do so because they have no ears with which to hear the sound.

12.SCUBA divers cannot pass gas at depths of 33 feet or below.

13.Catfish are the only animals that naturally have an ODD number of whiskers.

14.Replying more than 100 times to the same piece of spam e-mail will overwhelm the sender’s system and interfere with their ability to send any more spam.

15.Polar bears can eat as many as 86 penguins in a single sitting.

16.The first McDonald’s restaurant opened for business in 1952 in Edinburgh, Scotland, and featured the McHaggis sandwich.

17.The Air Force’s F-117 fighter uses aerodynamics discovered during research into how bumblebees fly.
18.You can get blood from a stone, but only if contains at least 17 percent bauxite.

19.Silly Putty was “discovered” as the residue left behind after the first latex condoms were produced. It’s not widely publicized for obvious reasons.

20.Approximately one-sixth of your life is spent on Wednesdays.

21.The skin needed for elbow transplants must be taken from the scrotum of a cadaver.

22.The sport of jai alai originated from a game played by Incan priests who held cats by their tails and swung at leather balls. The cats would instinctively grab at the ball with their claws, thus enabling players to catch them.

23.A cat’s purr has the same romance-enhancing frequency as the voice of singer Barry White.

24.The typewriter was invented by Hungarian immigrant Qwert Yuiop, who left his “signature” on the keyboard.

25.The volume of water that the Giant Sequoia tree consumes in a 24-hour period contains enough suspended minerals to pave 17.3 feet of a 4-lane concrete freeway.

26.King Henry VIII slept with a gigantic axe.

27.Because printed materials are being replaced by CD-ROM, microfiche and the Internet, libraries that previously sank into their foundations under the weight of their books are now in danger of collapsing in extremely high winds.

28.In 1843, a Parisian street mime got stuck in his imaginary box and consequently died of starvation.

29.Touch-tone telephone keypads were originally planned to have buttons for Police and Fire Departments, but they were replaced with * and # when the project was cancelled in favor of developing the 911 system.

30.Human saliva has a boiling point three times that of regular water.

31.Calvin, of the “Calvin and Hobbes” comic strip, was patterned after President Calvin Coolidge, who had a pet tiger as a boy.

32.Watching an hour-long soap opera burns more calories than watching a three-hour baseball game.

33.Until 1978, Camel cigarettes contained minute particles of real camels.

34.You can actually sharpen the blades on a pencil sharpener by wrapping your pencils in aluminum foil before inserting them.

35.To human taste buds, Zima is virtually indistinguishable from zebra urine.

36.Seven out of every ten hockey-playing Canadians will lose a tooth during a game. For Canadians who don’t play hockey, that figure drops to five out of ten.

37.A dog’s naked behind leaves absolutely no bacteria when pressed against carpet.

38.A team of University of Virginia researchers released a study promoting the practice of picking one’s nose, claiming that the health benefits of keeping nasal passages free from infectious blockages far outweigh the negative social connotations.

39.Among items left behind at Osama bin Laden’s headquarters in Afghanistan were 27 issues of Mad Magazine. Al Qaeda members have admitted that bin Laden is reportedly an avid reader.

40.Urine from male cape water buffaloes is so flammable that some tribes use it for lantern fuel.

41.At the first World Cup championship in Uruguay, 1930, the soccer balls were actually monkey skulls wrapped in paper and leather.

42.Every Labrador retriever dreams about bananas.

43.If you put a bee in a film canister for two hours, it will go blind and leave behind its weight in honey.

44.Due to the angle at which the optic nerve enters the brain, staring at a blue surface during sex greatly increases the intensity of orgasms.

45.Never hold your nose and cover your mouth when sneezing, as it can blow out your eyeballs.

46.Centuries ago, purchasing real estate often required having one or more limbs amputated in order to prevent the purchaser from running away to avoid repayment of the loan. Hence an expensive purchase was said to cost “an arm and a leg.”

47.When Mahatma Gandhi died, an autopsy revealed five gold Krugerrands in his small intestine.

48.Aardvarks are allergic to radishes, but only during summer months.

49.Coca-Cola was the favored drink of Pharaoh Ramses. An inscription found in his tomb, when translated, was found to be almost identical to the recipe used today.

50.If you part your hair on the right side, you were born to be carnivorous. If you part it on the left, your physical and psychological make-up is that of a vegetarian.

51.When immersed in liquid, a dead sparrow will make a sound like a crying baby.

52.In WWII the US military planned to airdrop over France propaganda in the form of Playboy magazine, with coded messages hidden in the models’ turn-ons and turn-offs. The plan was scrapped because of a staple shortage due to rationing of metal.

53.Although difficult, it’s possible to start a fire by rapidly rubbing together two Cool Ranch Doritos.

54.Napoleon’s favorite type of wood was knotty chestnut.

55.The world’s smartest pig, owned by a mathematics teacher in Madison, WI, memorized the multiplication tables up to 12.

56.Due to the natural “momentum” of the ocean, saltwater fish cannot swim backwards.

57.In ancient Greece, children of wealthy families were dipped in olive oil at birth to keep them hairless throughout their lives.

58.It is nearly three miles farther to fly from Amarillo, Texas to Louisville, Kentucky than it is to return from Louisville to Amarillo.

59.The “nine lives” attributed to cats is probably due to their having nine primary whiskers.

60.The original inspiration for Barbie dolls comes from dolls developed by German propagandists in the late 1930s to impress young girls with the ideal notions of Aryan features. The proportions for Barbie were actually based on those of Eva Braun.

61.The Venezuelan brown bat can detect and dodge individual raindrops in mid-flight, arriving safely back at his cave completely dry.

TIMELINE: INDIAN HISTORY



7500 BC: Civilization at Gulf of Khambar
2500-1500 BC: Indus Valley Civilisation.
2000-1500: Aryans arrive from central Asia.
1500-1000: The Early Vedic Age – Rigveda.
1000-500: Later Vedic Period - Samaveda,Yajurveda and Atharvaveda,Brahmanas, Aranyakas, Samhitas,
early Upanishads and Sutras.
563-483: Gautama Buddha – born at Lumbini(Nepal); attainment of knowledge –Bodh Gaya (Bihar); first
sermon –Sarnath, near Varanasi (UP); Nirvana –Kusinagar (Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh).
540-468: Mahavira – born at Kundagrama near Vaishali (Bihar) and nirvana at Pavapuri (Patna, Bihar).
492-460: Rule of Ajatasatru, son of Bimbisara, king of Magadha.
364-321: Rule of Nandas of Magadha
326: Invasion of India by Alexander Battle of Hydaspes.
322-298: Reign of Chandragupta Maurya, the founder of the Mauryan dynasty.
273-232: Reign of Ashoka , son of Bindusara
261: Kalinga war.
257: Asoka's conversion to Budhism by Upagupta.
250: Third Buddhist council at Pataliputra
90: Sakas invade India.
58: The Vikrama Samvat (vikram era) introduced by King Vikramaditya of Ujjain.
20-46 AD: Gondophernes, the king of IndoParthians.
78: Accession of Kanishka, The Saka era begins.
100-300:The Sangam Age in south India.
50 BC-250 AD : Satavahana dynasty in the Deccan.
320-335: Reign of Chandragupta-I.
335-380: Reign of Samudragupta known as Indian Napoleon.
380-414: Reign of Chandragupta II (Vikramaditya).
405-411: The visit of the Chinese pilgrim Fa-hien to India.
500-527: Rule of Huns over North India.
606-647: Harsha Vardhana of Kanauj. Hiuen-Tsang visited India (AD 630-644).
500-757: First Chalukya dynasty of Vatapi
630: Harsha's clash with PulakesinII
973-1190: Chalukya dynasty of Kalyani
760-1142: Palas of Eastern India.
985-1014: Reign of Rajaraja, the Great. Starts a great land survey (AD 1000).
1014-1044 : Reign of Rajendra Chola. Naval campaign against Sri Vijaya kingdom.
788-820: Sankaracharya and his philosophy of Advaita.
712: Arabs occupy Sindh.
871-1173: Imperial cholas of Tanjore.
916-1203: Construction of Khajuraho Temples.
1000-1027: Invasion of Mahmud of Ghazni.
1191: Prithviraj III, defeated Muhammad Ghori in the first battle of Tarain .
1192: Mohammad Ghori defeated Prithviraj in theSecond Battle of Tarain in 1192.
1206: Foundation of the Sultanate of Delhi by Qutub-ud-din Aibak.
1210: Death of Qutub-ud-din Aibak.
1210-1236: Reign of Iltutmish.
1221: Mongol invasion under Chenghis Khan.
1231: Iltumish completed the construction of Qutub Minar at Delhi.
1236-1240: Reign of Empress Raziya, daughter of Iltutmish, the first and last woman ruler of Medieval
India.
1266-1287: Reign of Sultan Balban.
1288-1293: Visit of Marco Polo in India.
1290-1296: Sultan Jalal-ud-din Firuz Khalji, founder of the Khalji dynasty.
1296: Alauddin Khalji invades Devagiri.
1296-1316: Reign of Sultan Alauddin Khalji.
1309-1311: Malik Kafur's expedition into South India.
1320-1325: Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq (Ghazi Malik),founder of the Tughlaq dynasty.
1325-1351: Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq. Transferred the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad-
1327. Issue of token currency – 1329.
1333: Ibn Batuta arrives in India.
1351-1388: Sultan Firuz Tughlaq.
1398: Invasion of Timur during the reign of Sultan Nasiruddin Mahmud
1414-1451: Reign of Sayyid dynasty.
1420: Visit of Nicolo Conti.
1451-1526: Bahlul Lodhi (1451-89), Sikandar Lodhi
(1489-1517), and Ibrahim Lodhi (1517-26)
1526: The first Battle of Panipat (1526) Babur defeats Ibrahim Lodhi.
1336: Foundation of the empire of Vijayanagar by Harihara and Bukka
1438-1468: Reign of Rana kumbha in Mewar.
1509-1530: Reign of Krishnadeva Raya, the greatest king of Vijayanagar.
1565: Battle of Talikota, decline of the empire of Vijayanagar.
1346: Foundation of the Bahmani kingdom by Ala-ud-din Hasan Bahman Shah (1347-1358).
1498: Vasco da Gama arrives at Calicut
1505: De Almeida, the first Viceroy of Portuguese in India
1510: Conquest of Goa from the Adilshahi Sultan of Bijapur – 1510.
1526: Babur defeats Ibrahim Lodhi at the first battle of Panipat. Formation of Mughal empire.
1527: Battle of Khanwa. Babur defeats Rana Sanga of Mewar.
1530: Accession of Humayun.
1538: Death of Guru Nanak.
1539 : Sher Shah defeats Humayun at Chausa and assumes sovereignty.
1540: Humayun’s defeat near Kanauj.
1542: Birth of Akbar.
1545: Battle of Kalinjar.
1545: Death of Sher Shah.
1555: Battle of Sirhind. Sikandur Suri was defeated by Humayun, Humayun recovers the throne of Delhi.
1556: Death of Humayun and accession of Akbar. Second Battle of Panipat.
1556-1605: Akbar's reign.
1564: Abolition of Jezyah.
1565: Battle of Talikota Vijayanagar destroyed.
1571: Foundation of Fatehpur Sikri.
1576: Battle of Haldighati and defeat of Maharana Pratap.
1579: Infalliability decree issued by Akbar.
1581 : Din-i-Ilahi promulgated by Akbar.
1600: Deccan expedition and siege of Ahmadnagar
: Charter to British East India company.
1605: Death of Akbar and accession of Jahangir.
1605-1627: Reign of Jahangir.
1609: William Hawking visited Jahangir.
1615: Sir Thomas Roe in the court of Jahangir.
1627: Death of Jahangir.
1628: Shah Jahan proclaimed Emperor.
1631: Death of Mumtaz Mahal.
1636: Treaties with Bijapur and Golcunda.
1658: Coronation of Aurangzeb.
1659: Murder of Afzal Khan by Shivaji.
1663: Death of Mir Jumla.
: Attack on Poona by Shivaji.
: Shaista Khan appointed Governor of Bengal.
1665: Conclusion of the treaty of Purandhar signed between Sivaji and Jai Singh.
1666: Death of Shah Jahan.
1674: Sivaji's Coronation and assumption of the title of Chatrapati.
1675: Execution of Guru Tegh Bahadur.
1679: Jeziah imposed on the Hindus by Aurangzeb.
1680: Death of Sivaji.
1686: Conquest of Bijapur by Aurangzeb.
1687: Golconda annexed to the Mughal empire.
1707: Death of Aurangzeb at Ahmadnagar.
1739: Invasion of Nadirshah.
1740-1761: Peshwaship of Balaji Baji Rao (Nana Saheb).
1746-48: First Carnatic war.
1748-54: Second Carnatic war.
1756-63: Third Carnatic war.
1757: Battle of Plassey.
1760: Battle of Wandiwash.
1761: Third Battle of Panipat: The Marathas defeated by the combined troops of Ahmad Shah Abdali;
the Mughals, and other Muslim chiefs of India.
1764: Battle of Buxar. The English defeat Shah Alam, Shuja-ud-daulah and Mir Qasim.
1765: Grant of the ‘Diwani’ of Bengal, Biharand Orissa to the East India Company by Shah Alam II under
Treaty of Allahabad.
: Clive, Company’s Governor in Bengal.
1765-72: Dual Government of Bengal.
1767-69: The First Anglo Mysore War.
1770: The Great Bengal Famine.
1771: Marathas occupy Delhi and restore Shah Alam who was till then under English protection at
Allahabad.
1772-73: Warren Hastings as Governor of Bengal.
: Abolition of Dual Government of Bengal(1772)
1773: The Regulating Act was passed, bringing the company partially under Parliament’s control and the  
Presidencies under Calcutta’s control.
1773-85: Warren Hastings Governor-General.
: Establishment of Supreme Court,Calcutta.
1775-82: The First Anglo-Maratha War.
1776: Treaty of Purandar
1780-84: Second Mysore War.
1783: Fox’s India Bills give more powers to Parliament and to the Governor-General.
1784: Treaty of Mangalore between Tipu and the English.
: Pitt’s Act passed, Setting up Board of Control for East India Company.
: Asiatic Society of Bengal founded by Sir William Jones.
1786-93: Lord Cornwalis, Governor-General.
1790-92: Third Mysore War.
1792: Treaty of Srirangapatnam signed between Tipu and English.
1793-98: Sir John Shore, Governor-General.
1793: The Permanent Zamindari Settlement of Bengal.
1798: Lord Wellesley as Governor-General and brought subsidiary alliance.
1799: Fourth Mysore War. Fall of Srirangapatnam. Death of Tipu.
1800: Establishment of the College of Fort William.
1802: The Treaty of Bassein between Peshwa and English.
1803: Occupation of Delhi by Lord Lake.
1803-05: Second Anglo-Maratha War.
1807-13: Lord Minto as Governor-General.
1809: Treaty of Amritsar-Ranjit Singh and British sign treaty of perpetual amity.
1813-23: Lord Hastings as Governor-General.
1814-16: Anglo-Gurkha War.
1817-18: Pindari War – Peshwa defeated at Kirkee.
1818-19: Last Anglo-Maratha War.
1823-28: Lord Amherst Governor-General.
1824-26: First Burmese War.
1828-35: Lord William Bentinck as Governor General.
1829: Prohibition of Sati.
1829-37: Suppression of Thuggee.
1833: Renewal of Company’s charter. Abolition  of the Company’s trading rights.
1835-36: Sir Charles Metcalf Governor-General.
1835 : Macaulay’s Education Resolution. English made official language instead of Persian.
1835: Foundation of Calcutta Medical College.
1836-1842: Lord Auckland as Governor-General.
1839: Death of Ranjit Singh.
1842-44: Lord Ellenborough as Governor-General.
1844-48: Lord Hardinge as Governor-General.
1845-46: First Anglo-Sikh War. Treaty of Lahore.
1848-49: Second Anglo-Sikh War. Defeat of Sikhs and annexation of the Punjab.
: Opening of a Hindu Girls’ School in Calcutta by Bethune.
1848-56: Lord Dalhousie as Governor-General.
1852: Second Anglo-Burmese War.
1853: Railway opened from Bombay to Thana. Telegraph line from Calcutta to Agra.
1854: Charles Wood’s despatch on Education.
1855: Santhal insurrection in Bihar.
1856: Annexation of Awadh. Indian University Act. Hindu Widow’s Remarriage Act.
1856-58: Lord Canning – Governor-General.
1857-58: Revolt of 1857. Revolt at Meerut begins on May 10, 1857.
1858: British India placed under the direct government of the Crown. Queen Victoria’s Proclamation.
1858-62: Lord Canning as Viceroy.
1861: Indian Councils Act.
: Archaeological Survey of India set up.
: Indian Civil Service Act.
: Introduction of the Penal code.
1862-63: Lord Elgin as Viceroy.
1864-69: Sir John Lawrence Viceroy.
1865: Telegraphic communication with Europe opened.
1869-72: Lord Mayo as Viceroy.
1875: Visit of the Prince of Wales.
: Arya Samaj founded by Swami Dayananda.
1877 : Lord Lytton held Durbar at Delhi where Queen Victoria was proclaimed Empress of India.
1878: Vernacular Press Act.
1879: Theosophical Society at Adayar, (was set up) Madras.
1880-84: Lord Ripon as Viceroy.
1881: Factory Act.
1883: Indian National Conference held in Calcutta.
1883-84: Ilbert Bill controversy.
1884-88: Lord Dufferin Viceroy.
1885: First session of the Indian National Congress held at Bombay.
1887: Queen Victoria's Jubilee.
1888-93: Lord Landsdowne Viceroy.
1892: Indian Councils Act.
1894-99: Lord Elgin II Viceroy.
1896: Ramakrishna Mission founded.
1899-1905: Lord Curzon Viceroy.
1905: Partition of Bengal.
1905-10: Lord Minto II Viceroy.
1906: Muslim League formed at Dacca.
1907: Surat Congress, moderates-extremists clash.
1908 : Newspapers Act. Tilak convicted of sedition.
1909: Morley-Minto Reforms.
: Indian Councils Act passed.
1910-16: Lord Hardinge II Viceroy.
1911: Delhi Durbar.
: Partition of Bengal annulled. Census of India.
: Transfer of Capital to Delhi announced
1914: Gandhi arrives in India.
1916: Lucknow Pact of Indian National Congress and All-India Muslim League.
: Foundation of Women’s University at Poona.
: The Home Rule League founded.
1916-21: Lord Chelmsford as Viceroy.
1919: Montague-Chelmsford Reforms.
: Rowlatt Act passed.
: Massacre at Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar (April 13).
1920: Khilafat Movement and Non Co-operation Movement.
1921: Moplah Rebellion and Wagon Tragedy.
1921-26: Lord Reading Viceroy.
1921: Harappa excavations begin.
1922: Mohenjodaro excavations begin.
: Chauri Chaura incident.
1923: Swarajists in Indian Councils.
1926-31: Lord Irwin Viceroy.
1927: Appointment of Simon Commission.
1928: Simon Commission comes to India.
: Death of Lala Lajpat Rai following police assault. Nehru Report.
1929: Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt drops bombs in the Legislative Assembly.
: Congress on December 31 at Lahore declaring its objective of Poora Swaraj for India.
1930: Gandhiji’s Dandi March. Civil Disobedience Movement.
1930-31: First Round Table Conference.
1931 : Gandhi-Irwin Pact signed.
: Second Round Table Conference.
1931-36: Lord Wellingdon Viceroy.
1932: Third Round Table Conference.
: Communal Award announced.
: Poona Pact signed.
1934: Civil Disobedience Movement called off.
1935: Government of India Act, 1935 passed by British Parliament.
1936-44: Lord Linlithgow Viceroy.
1937: Inauguration of Provincial Autonomy. Congress Ministries formed in seven out of eleven
 provinces.
1938: Haripura session of the Congress.
1939: Second World War begins (September).
1940: Pakistan resolution passed by Muslim League at Lahore.
1941: Subhash Chandra Bose escapes from India.
1942: Cripps comes to India with his proposals in March.
: Congress rejects Cripps Proposal (11 April).
: “Quit India” resolution passed by Congress on August 8.
1944-47: Lord Wavell Viceroy.
1944: INA reaches Indian soil.
1945: Labour Government in Britain. INA surrenders to the British (May). First trial of INA men
(November 5).
1946: Cabinet Mission’s plans announced (June 16).
1947-48: Lord Mountbatten Viceroy.
1947: Announcement of Lord Mountbatten’s plan for Partition of India (June 3).
: Indian Independence Act passed (July).
: Creation of free India and Pakistan on midnight of August 14/15, 1947 as dominions.
1947-64: Jawaharlal Nehru Prime Minister of India.
1948: Assassination of Mahatma Gandhi (January 30).
: Raja-gopalachari appointed first Indian Governor-General (June 21).
1949 : New Constitution of India adopted and signed (November 26).
1950: India become a Republic. New Constitution comes into force (January 26).
: Dr. Rajendra Prasad, first President of Indian Republic.
: Planning Commission was set up
1951: Inauguration of First Five Year Plan.
1952: First General Election in India
: National Development Council (NDC) set up.
: Family Planning is launched.
1953: Conquest of Mount Everest.
: University Grants Commission (UGC) is set up
: CBI is set up
: Formation of Andhra Pradesh on linquiestic basis
1954 : Chou En-lai, the Chinese Premier visits India.
: Panchashila signed between China and India.
1955: Hindu Marriage Act and Indian Citizenship Act.
1956: Reorganisation of Indian States on linguistic basis
: 2nd Five Year Plan launched.
: Nationalisation of insurance companies.
1957: Second General election. Introduction of decimal system of coinage.
: National Calender based on Saka era adopted.
1959: Dalai Lama reaches India for political asylum, Indo-Chinese relations worsen.
: Panchayat Raj introduced in Rajasthan.
1961: Goa, Daman and Diu liberated from Portuguese possession
        : Arjuna Award introduced
1962: Indo-China War.
1964: Death of Jawaharlal Nehru
: Lal Bahadur Shastri becomes Prime Minister.
1965: Indo-Pak War.
1966 : Tashkent Declaration
: Death of Lal Bahadur Shastri
: Indira Gandhi becomes Prime Minister.
1969: First Nationalisation of 14 Banks.
: First Dada Sahib Phalke Award was given to Davika Rani
1971: Indo-Pak War
: Birth of Bangladesh.
1972: Shimla Agreement between India and Pakistan.
1973: Project Tiger
1974: Underground nuclear explosion carried out at Pokhran (May 18).
1975: Emergency declared in the country.
: Aryabhatta goes to orbit.
1977: Janata Party comes to power.
: Vajpayee address UNO in Hindi.
1978: Denomination of high value notes of Rs. 1,000, Rs. 5,000 and Rs. 10,000 demonetised.
1979: Morarji Desai resigns as Prime Minister.
: Charan Singh becomes Prime Minister.
: Death of Loknayak Jayprakash Narayan.
: Bhakara I launched
1980: Mother Theresa gets Bharat Ratna.
: Six more commercial banks nationalised.
1981: Apple was launched
: First Indian Antartic Expedition to Qusim. Dakshin Gangothri, India’s first permanent station at
Antartica was setup.
1983: Bharat Ratna posthumously awarded to Acharya Vinoba Bhave.
: INSAT-IB successfully launched.
1984 : Sqn. Ldr. Rakesh Sharma becomes first Indian cosmonaut to go into space.
: Bachendri Pal becomes first Indian woman to scale Mount Everest.
: Indira Gandhi assassinated
: Rajiv Gandhi sworn in as new Prime Minister.
: Bhopal Gas tragedy
1985: Centenary celebrations of Indian National Congress held.
: Dhronachary Award instituted
1986: Centre and Laldenga sign Mizo Accord.
1987: Frontier Gandhi, Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan given Bharat Ratna. First foreigner to get Bharatratna.
1988: Bharat Ratna conferred on M.G.Ramachandran.
: Contingent of Indian Army flown to Maldives to help President Abdul Gayoom.
: Lok Sabha passes Constitutional Amendment Bill reducing voting age from 21 to 18 years.
1989: V.P. Singh sworn in as seventh Prime Minister with Devi Lal as his Deputy.
1990 : Nelson Mandela honoured with Bharat Ratna.
: V.P. Singh resigns after losing vote of confidence in Lok Sabha.
: Chandra Shekhar is sworn as New Prime Minister.
1991: Rajiv Gandhi is assassinated at Sriperum budur in Tamil Nadu.
: Bharat Ratna is conferred on Morarji Desai.Rajiv Gandhi and Sardar Patel are awarded
Bharat Ratna posthumously.
1992: Maulana Azad posthumously awarded Bharat Ratna.
: Kar Sevaks demolished Babri Masjid in Ayodhya
1993: Battle tank “Arjun” inducted into Indian Army.
: Job Quota for OBC’s becomes operative.
: Earth quake at Lathur, Maharashtra
1994: Panchayati Raj Act becomes operational.
1995: Morarji Desai, dies. Bombay becomes mumbai.
1996: Atal Behari Vajpayee becomes PrimeMinister on May 16 and resigns on May 28
. : H.D. Deve Gowda becomes Prime Min- ister on June 1. Madras becomes Chennai.
1997 : Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV-C1) is launched from Sriharikota (Andhra Pradesh).
: Arundhati Roy bagged the 29th Booker Prize,
: Kalpana Chawla became the first Indianborn US woman to go into space.
1998: India’s second (May 11) and third (May 13) nuclear explosion at Pokhran.
: M.S. Subhalekshmi and Jaya Prakash Narayan win Bharat Ratna.
: Vajpayee becomes 12 Prime Minister of India.
: Param 10000 India’s new super computer unveailed.
: Konkan Railway (760 km) inaugurated.
1999: INSAT 2E was launched on April 3
: PSLV-C2 launched IRS P4.
: India becomes leading producer of milk in the world.
: Amarthya Sen wins Bharat Ratna.
: India launched Operation Vijay to repel the Pak intruders from Kargil.
2000: Bill Clinton visits India.
: Lara Dutta of India becomes Miss Universe.
: Formation of the states of Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Uttaranchal.
: Karnam Malleswary wins bronze medal in Sydney olympics.
: Priyanka Chopra of India becomes Miss world.
2001: GSLV D1 launches GSAT. Indian parliament attacked.
2002 : Ms. Poornima Advani is appointed Chairperson of the National Commission for women.
: Former Indian Air Force Chief, Arjan Singh, is made the first ever marshal of the IAF.
: A.P.J. Abdul Kalam 11th President
: Bhairon Singh Shekhawat is sworn in the 12th Vice-President.
: The first exclusive 1,060 kg. meteorological satellite (METSAT) is successfully launched from the
Sriharikotta by PSLV.
: Justice V.N. Khare is sworn in Chief Justice of India.
2003: L.K. Advani is appointed Deputy Prime Minister.
: INSAT 3E, was launched (September 28)
 Air Marshal T.M. Asthana is named the first Commander-in-Chief of the Strategic Forces
Command.
: The Prime Minister A.B. Vajpayee Christens METSAT, Kalpana I after Kalpana Chawla.
: Mehbooba Mufti takes over as president of the Peoples Democratic Party thus becoming the
first woman to head a political party in J and K.
: INS Talwar the Navy’s first stealth warship is inducted into western fleet.
: G. Madhavan Nair assumes office as Chairman, Space Commission and ISRO
: The government constitutes the 17th Law Commission with Justice M. Jayannatha Rao as
Chairman.
: The LokSabha passes the POTA Amendment Bill, 2003, providing for safeguard against misuse.
: Rajya Sabha passes dual citizenship bill.
2004 : India becomes the first developing country to import LNG.
: India wins its first ever test series in Pakistan.
: Major Rajya Vardhan Singh Rathore gets the silver medal for India in shooting  (double trap
category) at the OlympicGames.
: EDUSAT - India’s first exclusive satellite for educational services, placed in orbit.
: Tata Motors becomes the first company in the Indian engineering sector to list its securities on
the New York Stock Exchange.
: Kerala’s Palakkad district collectorate is  the first in India to be totally computerised.
: The Mahatma Gandhi International Peace Award to the former Botswana President Sir Ketimile
Masire.
: Over 80,000 people are killed following  an undersea earthquake off Sumatra in Indonesia, over
19,000 people are killed in India.
: ‘Lakshya’ pilotless target aircraft, test flown.
2005 : Cabinet decided to offer dual citizenship for all overseas Indians who migrated after January 26,
                1950.
: President’s rule was imposed on Goa and the Assembly kept under suspended animation, even
after the Pratapsingh  Rane Government wins the trust vote.
: Tamil writer D. Jayakanthan is selected  for the 38th Jnanapith Award for 2002. He is the  
second Tamil author after P.V. Akhilandan to receive the honour.
: Dandi March route (384 km) is declared  a heritage path and the Prime Minister, Manmohan
Singh, announces a Rs 10 crore package for Sabarmati Gandhi Ashram renovation, on the 75th
anniversary day of the breaking of the salt act by Mahatma Gandhi.
: India’s Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle PSLVC-6 is launched from the spaceport in Sriharikota,
and it injects two satellites CARTOSAT - 1 and HAMSAT into their orbits.
: The Lok Sabha passes the Right to information Bill.
: The Prime Minister, Manmohan Singh, launches the National Knowledge Commission.
: The Government comes out with the first ever Outcome Budget.
: The trial-run, of the first Amritsar- Lahore service begins linking the two cities for the first time
nearly six decades.
2006 : India’s first rubber dam is installed across the Janjhavati river in Andhra Pradesh’s Vizianagaram
                district.
: Booker Prize winner Arundhati Roy is awarded the 2005 Sahitya Akademi Award for English for
her book of essays The Algebra of Infinite Justice.
: The first-ever-Lahore- Amritsar bus service begins.
: The world’s longest rail is flagged off from Bhilai steel plant.
: The President A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, returns the Office of Profit Bill for reconsideration
: A.P.J. Abdul Kalam becomes the first President to make a sortie in a combat aircraft after flying
in a Sukhoi-30 MKT after take off from Lahegaon airbase, Pune.
: N. Gopalaswami takes over as the new Chief Election Commissioner.
: The GSLV - FO2 launch from Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh ends in failure after the vehicle  
crashes into the Bay of Bengal.
: Social activist Arvind Kajriwal is elected for the 2006 Ramon Magsaysay Award in the Emergent
Leadership category.
: The President A.P.J Abdul Kalam, confers the 39th Jnanapith Award on Marathi writer Vinda  
arandikar.
: Actor Shabana Azmi is chosen for the Gandhi International Peace Prize 2006.
: The protection of women from Domestic Violence Act 2006 comes into effect.
: The Prime Minister Manmohan Singh, presents the 21st Indira Gandhi Prize for National
Integration to  lyricist Javed Akhtar.
: Sri Lankan President, Mahinda Rajapaksa inaugurates the three – day first Asian Mayor’s meet
in Dehra Dun.


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